Do you know the technology of sewage treatment and deodorization?

1. Masking

(1) The principle of deodorization: a stronger aromatic odor is used to blend with the odor to mask the odor and make it acceptable to people.

(2) Scope of application: It is suitable for occasions where it is necessary to immediately and temporarily eliminate the influence of low-concentration odorous gas, the odor intensity is about 2.5, and there is no organized emission source.

(3) Advantages: The effect of odor can be eliminated as soon as possible, the flexibility is large, and the cost is low.

(4) Disadvantages: The malodorous components are not removed.

2. Dilution diffusion method

(1) Deodorization principle: The odorous gas is discharged to the atmosphere through the chimney, or diluted with odorless air to reduce the concentration of odorous substances to reduce the odor.

(2) Scope of application: It is suitable for the treatment of odorous gases with medium and low concentrations.

(3) Advantages: low cost and simple equipment.

(4) Disadvantages: easily restricted by meteorological conditions, odorous substances still exist.

3. Thermal combustion method, catalytic combustion method

(1) Deodorization principle: The malodorous substance is fully mixed with the fuel gas at high temperature to achieve complete combustion.

(2) Scope of application: It is suitable for handling flammable gas with high concentration and small gas volume.

(3) Advantages: high purification efficiency, odorous substances are completely oxidized and decomposed.

(4) Disadvantages: The equipment is easy to corrode, consumes fuel, has high processing costs, and is prone to secondary pollution.

4. Water absorption method

(1) Deodorization principle: Using the characteristics of certain substances in the odor that are easily soluble in water, the odor components are directly contacted with water, so as to dissolve in water to achieve the purpose of deodorization.

(2) Scope of application: water-soluble and odorous gases from organized emission sources.

(3) Advantages: simple process, convenient management, and low equipment operating costs.

(4) Disadvantages: secondary pollution occurs, and the washing liquid needs to be treated; the purification efficiency is low, it should be used in combination with other technologies, and the treatment effect on mercaptans and fatty acids is poor.

5. Liquid absorption method

(1) Principle of deodorization: use the characteristics of chemical reaction between certain substances in odor and liquid medicine to remove certain odor components.

(2) Scope of application: It is suitable for the treatment of odor with atmospheric volume and high concentration.
(3) Advantages: It can deal with certain odor components in a targeted manner, and the process is relatively mature.

(4) Disadvantages: The purification efficiency is not high, the absorbent is consumed, and it is easy to form secondary pollution.

6. Adsorption method

(1) Deodorization principle: The odorous substances are transferred from the gas phase to the solid phase by using the adsorption function of the adsorbent.

(2) Scope of application: It is suitable for treating malodorous gas with low concentration and high purification requirements.

(3) Advantages: The purification efficiency is very high, and it can deal with multi-component malodorous gases.

(4) Disadvantages: The adsorbent is expensive and difficult to regenerate, and the odorous gas to be treated is required to have a lower temperature and dust content.

7. Biological filter type deodorization method

(1) Deodorization principle: After the odorous gas is subjected to pretreatment processes such as dedusting, humidification or cooling, it passes through the filter bed composed of filter materials from the bottom to the top from the bottom of the filter bed, and the odorous gas is transferred from the gas phase to the water-microorganism mixed phase. It is decomposed by the metabolism of microorganisms fixed on the filter material.

(2) Scope of application: currently the most researched, the most mature process, and the most commonly used biological deodorization method in practice. It can be subdivided into soil deodorization method, compost deodorization method, peat deodorization method, etc.

(4) Advantages: low processing cost.

(3) Disadvantages: It covers a large area, the packing needs to be replaced regularly, the deodorization process is not easy to control, and problems are likely to occur after running for a period of time.

8. Biological trickling filter

(1) Deodorization principle: The principle is similar to the biological filter type, but the filter material used is inert materials such as polypropylene pellets, ceramics, charcoal, plastics, etc. that cannot provide nutrients.

(2) Scope of application: Only microorganisms that degrade certain odorous substances adhere to the filler, and there will be no situation where the mixed microorganisms in the biofilter consume the organic matter of the filter material at the same time.

(3) Advantages: The number of microorganisms in the pool is large, and it can withstand a larger pollution load than the biological filter. The inert filter material can be replaced without replacement, resulting in small pressure loss, and the operating conditions are extremely easy to control.

(4) Disadvantages: The need to continuously add nutrients and the complicated operation limit its application.

9. Washing activated sludge deodorization method

(1) Deodorization principle: fully contact the odorous substance and the mixed liquid containing suspended solids slurry to remove it from the odor in the absorber, and then send the washing liquid to the reactor for degradation and dissolution through the metabolic activity of microorganisms growing in suspension. odorous substances.

(2) Scope of application: There is a larger scope of application.

(3) Advantages: It can deal with the odor of the atmosphere, and the operating conditions are easy to control, and the floor space is small.

(4) Disadvantages: The equipment cost is high, the operation is complicated and nutrients need to be added.

10. Aerated activated sludge deodorization method

(1) Deodorization principle: Disperse the odorous substances in the mixed liquid containing activated sludge in the form of aeration, and degrade the odorous substances by suspended microorganisms.

(2) Scope of application: The scope of application is wide, and it has been used for odor treatment in manure treatment plants and sewage treatment plants in Japan.

(3) Advantages: After the activated sludge is domesticated, the removal rate of odor components that do not exceed the limit load can reach more than 99.5%.

(4) Disadvantages: Limited by the intensity of aeration, the application of this method has certain limitations.

11. Three-phase multi-media catalytic oxidation process

(1) Deodorization principle: The reaction tower is filled with special solid composite packing, and the packing is compounded with a multi-media catalyst. When the odorous gas passes through the packing layer under the action of the induced draft fan, it fully contacts with the liquid-phase compound oxidant sprayed out in the form of a divergent mist through a special nozzle on the surface of the solid-phase packing, and under the catalysis of the multi-media catalyst, the odorous gas is released. The contamination factors in are fully decomposed.

(2) Scope of application: It has a wide range of applications, especially for the treatment of atmospheric, medium and high concentrations of waste gas, and has a good removal rate for hydrophobic pollutants.

(3) Advantages: small footprint, low investment, low operating cost; easy management, ready to use; impact load resistance, not easy to be affected by pollutant concentration and temperature changes.

(4) Disadvantages: a certain amount of medicine needs to be consumed

12. Low temperature plasma technology

(1) Principle of deodorization: During the dielectric barrier discharge process, particles with extremely high chemical activity are generated inside the plasma, such as electrons, ions, free radicals and excited state molecules. The pollutants in the exhaust gas react with these active groups with high energy, and are finally converted into substances such as CO2 and H2O, so as to achieve the purpose of purifying the exhaust gas.

(2) Scope of application: It has a wide range of applications and high purification efficiency, especially suitable for multi-component malodorous gases that are difficult to deal with by other methods, such as chemical, pharmaceutical and other industries.

(3) Advantages: The electron energy is high, and it can interact with almost all odorous gas molecules; the operating cost is low; the response is fast, the equipment starts and stops very quickly, and it can be opened at any time.